What are the process measures to improve the quality of spindle forgings?

Release time:

2024-01-19

The quality of spindle forgings is closely related to the quality of ingots. As the weight and size of steel ingots increase, the inherent defects of steel ingots become more serious, making the forging and welding of internal defects more difficult. In order to improve the quality of spindle forgings, the quality of steel ingots should be maximized during smelting and casting.

The quality of spindle forgings is closely related to the quality of ingots. As the weight and size of steel ingots increase, the inherent defects of steel ingots become more serious, making the forging and welding of internal defects more difficult.

In order to improve the quality of spindle forgings, the quality of steel ingots should be maximized during smelting and casting. Of course, in the forging process, improving the forging process is also an important aspect. For example, by changing the ingot type, blank shape, tool structure, operation method, etc., the uneven temperature field of the blank is used to create a favorable stress deformation state, so that the spindle forging can be completely forged and internal defects. Welded together, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the internal structure and improving mechanical properties.

1. Change the ingot type of steel ingot: In order to improve the quality of large steel ingot, the ingot type should be steel ingot with large riser, large taper, small height-diameter ratio, and multi-angle steel ingot. As the ingot diameter ratio becomes smaller, the extension forging ratio increases. For general shaft forgings, if the forging ratio meets the forging requirements, the intermediate upsetting can be eliminated and deep drawing can be used directly.

For the forging of hollow forgings, hollow steel ingots can be used. This can reduce the number of fires and injuries, shorten the forging operation time, save metal materials, and also improve the quality of spindle forgings, such as the transverse mechanical properties will be significantly improved.

2. Change the shape of the blank: during upsetting, in order to deform the length of the ingot evenly, the riser end can be pressed into a concave shape after the ingot is chamfered, so upsetting can not only reduce the shape of the side drum, but also increase the deformation accordingly. degree. It is a short and thick steel ingot. After the steel ingot is chamfered, the steel ingot can be pressed into a concave shape in the middle, and then the ancestor can be disturbed to obtain the above effect.

3. Changing the tool structure can improve the internal quality of spindle forgings, such as convex arc anvil. After the anvil is lengthened, a larger reduction can be obtained, thereby improving the welding effect of the internal defects of the steel ingot.

4. Surface cooling forging: This forging method is also called center pressing method and hard shell forging method. After the billet or ingot heated to the initial forging temperature is discharged, it is forced to cool by blowing or spraying. The surface temperature of the billet is cold to 700~800 ℃; Forging immediately, the core temperature is still high at this time, and the temperature difference between inside and outside can reach 250~350°C. The surface is like a hard shell, low temperature, high resistance, and not easy to deform; the heart is surrounded by a hard shell. The temperature is high, the resistance is low, and it is easy to deform. Therefore, when the billet is forged along its axis, the core bears a strong three-way compressive stress, resulting in deformation similar to closed-die forging, which is conducive to the formation of hole defects in the forging center. If you rotate it 90 ° and press it again, the center compaction effect is better.

5, forging and welding composite process: the quality of the spindle forging is closely related to the quality of the ingot. Generally, the quality of large ingots is difficult to guarantee, while the quality of small ingots is generally better. In recent years, with the development of large section welding technology, the use of forging welding technology to manufacture spindle forgings, that is, a number of small ingots forged into billets, and then tailor-welded into spindle forgings with good results.

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